{
  "jsonld": {
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "about": {
      "@type": "ChemicalSubstance",
      "chemicalComposition": "LiNbO3",
      "name": "lithium niobate"
    },
    "citation": [
      "https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.14.003319"
    ],
    "creator": {
      "@type": "Person",
      "name": "Wentao Jiang"
    },
    "description": "Birefringence n_e - n_o of lithium niobate (LiNbO3): 6 provenance-tagged value(s) from 1 source(s) for variant(s) cln, mgo5-cln. Each value carries conditions, uncertainty, the source locator and a status code (P primary, P-comp compilation, P-db database, S secondary, V vendor, C computed).",
    "distribution": [
      {
        "@type": "DataDownload",
        "contentUrl": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/birefringence.json",
        "encodingFormat": "application/json"
      },
      {
        "@type": "DataDownload",
        "contentUrl": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties.csv",
        "encodingFormat": "text/csv"
      }
    ],
    "identifier": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/birefringence.json",
    "isAccessibleForFree": true,
    "keywords": [
      "lithium niobate",
      "LiNbO3",
      "Birefringence n_e - n_o"
    ],
    "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "name": "LiNbO3 Birefringence n_e - n_o",
    "url": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/birefringence.json",
    "variableMeasured": [
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0766
      },
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0736
      },
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0842
      },
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (mgo5-cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0815
      },
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (mgo5-cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0782
      },
      {
        "@type": "PropertyValue",
        "measurementTechnique": "see source",
        "name": "n_e - n_o (mgo5-cln)",
        "unitCode": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "unitText": "1",
        "value": -0.0897
      }
    ],
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "meta": {
    "api_version": "v1",
    "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
    "count": 6,
    "data_version": "0.1.0",
    "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
    "license": {
      "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
      "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    },
    "property": "birefringence"
  },
  "records": [
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 1064.0
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-1064nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-cln-e minus zelmon1997-cln-o at 1064 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0766,
      "variant": "cln"
    },
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 1550.0
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-1550nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-cln-e minus zelmon1997-cln-o at 1550 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0736,
      "variant": "cln"
    },
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 632.8
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-632.8nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-cln-e minus zelmon1997-cln-o at 632.8 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0842,
      "variant": "cln"
    },
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 1064.0
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-1064nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-mgo5-e minus zelmon1997-mgo5-o at 1064 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0815,
      "variant": "mgo5-cln"
    },
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 1550.0
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-1550nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-mgo5-e minus zelmon1997-mgo5-o at 1550 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0782,
      "variant": "mgo5-cln"
    },
    {
      "category": "optical",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_C": 21,
        "wavelength_nm": 632.8
      },
      "default": true,
      "id": "birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-632.8nm",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o",
      "notes": "Negative: LiNbO3 is negative uniaxial (n_e < n_o).",
      "property": "birefringence",
      "provenance": {
        "derivation": "evaluated from dispersion model zelmon1997-mgo5-e minus zelmon1997-mgo5-o at 632.8 nm, 21 C by scripts/build_data.py (rounded to 1e-4)",
        "source_id": "zelmon1997",
        "status": "C",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "n_e - n_o",
      "unit": {
        "display": "-",
        "qudt": "http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS",
        "ucum": "1"
      },
      "value": -0.0897,
      "variant": "mgo5-cln"
    }
  ]
}