{
  "alternatives": [
    {
      "category": "ferroelectric",
      "id": "spontaneous-polarization/cln/gopalan1998",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Spontaneous polarization",
      "notes": "Abstract: insensitive to stoichiometry and H content.",
      "property": "spontaneous-polarization",
      "provenance": {
        "locator": "abstract",
        "source_id": "gopalan1998",
        "status": "P(abs)",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "P_s",
      "uncertainty": {
        "type": "stated",
        "value": 5
      },
      "unit": {
        "display": "uC/cm^2",
        "ucum": "uC/cm2"
      },
      "value": 80,
      "variant": "cln",
      "variant_note": "abstract gives the value for CLN and near-SLN alike"
    },
    {
      "category": "ferroelectric",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature_text": "room temperature"
      },
      "id": "spontaneous-polarization/cln/volk2008",
      "kind": "scalar",
      "name": "Spontaneous polarization",
      "notes": "Mismatch with gopalan1998 (80 +- 5). volk2008 ref. [24] (APL 73, 3073) is a LiTaO3 paper per Crossref.",
      "property": "spontaneous-polarization",
      "provenance": {
        "locator": "Table 1.1, p. 3 (refs. [22], [24])",
        "source_id": "volk2008",
        "status": "P-comp",
        "transcribed": "2026-10-25"
      },
      "public": true,
      "symbol": "P_s",
      "unit": {
        "display": "uC/cm^2",
        "ucum": "uC/cm2"
      },
      "value": 71,
      "variant": "cln"
    }
  ],
  "meta": {
    "api_version": "v1",
    "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
    "data_version": "0.1.0",
    "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
    "license": {
      "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
      "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    },
    "property": "spontaneous-polarization",
    "variant": "cln"
  },
  "recommended": [],
  "recommended_note": "No single recommended record: sources disagree or none is primary; see alternatives and spread.",
  "spread": {
    "max": 80,
    "min": 71,
    "n_records": 2,
    "note": "Range over all public records regardless of conditions; compare conditions before use.",
    "unit": "uC/cm2"
  }
}