lithium niobateLiNbO3
PPLN Λ = 6.82 µm · 1064 → 532 nm · 2 px/µm
lithium niobate / Data / eo-rS

Linear electro-optic (Pockels) coefficients, clamped (constant strain)

Spread

rS pm/V; one row per independent component
r138.08.59.0Crystal Technology [V]Turner [P-comp]Kaminow et al. [P-comp]3 records, span 1.30r223.03.23.4Crystal Technology [V]Turner [P-comp]Kaminow et al. [P-comp]3 records, span 0.40r33293031Crystal Technology [V]Turner [P-comp]Kaminow et al. [P-comp]3 records, span 2.2r512025Crystal Technology [V]Turner [P-comp]Kaminow et al. [P-comp]3 records, span 9.8

Each mark is one record; bars are stated ranges, whiskers stated uncertainties. Filled marks: P, P-comp, P-db; hollow: S, V, C, P(abs). Hover a mark for its source. Each row has its own axis; no mean or fit is drawn. Rotate any record into a cut: tensors and frame conventions.

Records

2 variants
ValueUnitVariantConditionsFrameSourceLocatorStatus
r13 9, r22 3, r33 31, r51 28pm/VCongruent LiNbO3 (CLN)f high frequency; mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nmcrystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; sign convention unstated; +z: not stated in this record; tensor form matches this frame by symmetryCrystal Technology, Inc. (1999)–V
Data sheet also lists r_c = 19 pm/V.
r13 8.6, r22 3.4, r33 30.8, r51 28pm/VCongruent LiNbO3 (CLN)
composition not stated in Weis & Gaylord 1985; Volk & Wöhlecke 2009 Table 1.2 lists the same clamped r33, r13, r22 (31, 8.6, 3.4) for CLN
mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nmcrystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; convention IRE-1949; +z: +c points out of the face that becomes negative on compression; equivalently it becomes positive on cooling (Weis & Gaylord 1985 pp. 192-193)Turner, Applied Physics Letters 8 303-304 (1966)Weis & Gaylord 1985 Table 4, p. 199P-comp
Turner 1966 also gives 6.5 (r13), 3.1 (r22), 28 (r33) and 23 (r51) pm/V at 3390 nm. r33 = 30.8-31 is the value most TFLN papers reuse.
r13 7.7, r22 3.4, r33 28.8, r51 18.2pm/VComposition not stated
composition not stated in Weis & Gaylord 1985
mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nmcrystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; convention IRE-1949; +z: +c points out of the face that becomes negative on compression; equivalently it becomes positive on cooling (Weis & Gaylord 1985 pp. 192-193)Kaminow et al., Journal of Applied Physics 51 4379-4384 (1980)Weis & Gaylord 1985 Table 4, p. 199P-comp
Weis & Gaylord 1985 calls the 1980 values probably the most accurate (fringing-field corrected). r51^S = 18. Kaminow 1980 itself not read.

Congruent LiNbO3 (CLN)

V
r13 9, r22 3, r33 31, r51 28pm/V
f high frequency; mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nm

Frame crystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; sign convention unstated; +z: not stated in this record; tensor form matches this frame by symmetry

Data sheet also lists r_c = 19 pm/V.

Crystal Technology, Inc. (1999)

Congruent LiNbO3 (CLN)composition not stated in Weis & Gaylord 1985; Volk & Wöhlecke 2009 Table 1.2 lists the same clamped r33, r13, r22 (31, 8.6, 3.4) for CLN

P-comp
r13 8.6, r22 3.4, r33 30.8, r51 28pm/V
mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nm

Frame crystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; convention IRE-1949; +z: +c points out of the face that becomes negative on compression; equivalently it becomes positive on cooling (Weis & Gaylord 1985 pp. 192-193)

Turner 1966 also gives 6.5 (r13), 3.1 (r22), 28 (r33) and 23 (r51) pm/V at 3390 nm. r33 = 30.8-31 is the value most TFLN papers reuse.

Turner, Applied Physics Letters 8 303-304 (1966), Weis & Gaylord 1985 Table 4, p. 199

Composition not statedcomposition not stated in Weis & Gaylord 1985

P-comp
r13 7.7, r22 3.4, r33 28.8, r51 18.2pm/V
mech. clamped (S); λ 633 nm

Frame crystal-physics; x: a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane; z: polar c axis; convention IRE-1949; +z: +c points out of the face that becomes negative on compression; equivalently it becomes positive on cooling (Weis & Gaylord 1985 pp. 192-193)

Weis & Gaylord 1985 calls the 1980 values probably the most accurate (fringing-field corrected). r51^S = 18. Kaminow 1980 itself not read.

Kaminow et al., Journal of Applied Physics 51 4379-4384 (1980), Weis & Gaylord 1985 Table 4, p. 199

Endpoints

CC BY 4.0; cite the original source of each value
all records /api/v1/tensors/eo-rS.jsoncln /api/v1/tensors/eo-rS/cln.jsonunspecified /api/v1/tensors/eo-rS/unspecified.jsonCSV, all properties /api/v1/tensors.csv
curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors/eo-rS.json

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