PPLN Λ = 6.82 µm · 1064 → 532 nm · 2 px/µm

Data API

Use and cite

OpenAPI 3.1.0, API version 0.1.0
Base
https://lithium-niobate.com
Method
GET only; parameters are path segments; query strings are ignored by the host
Spec
/api/openapi.json (OpenAPI 3.1.0); payload schemas under /api/v1/schema/ (JSON Schema 2020-12)
Catalog
/api/v1/index.json: properties, tensors, dispersion models, variants, counts, endpoint templates
Agents
/llms.txt (llmstxt.org index) and /llms-full.txt (records, tensors, models and glossary as markdown)
License
Data CC BY 4.0; code GPL-3.0. Cite the original source given with each value as well.
Citation
CITATION.cff (cff-version 1.2.0) at the root of github.com/jwt625/lithium-niobate: lithium-niobate.com: lithium niobate (LiNbO3) physics, data and history, version 0.1.0, released 2026-10-25, licenses GPL-3.0, CC-BY-4.0
Unverified
/api/v1/unverified.json holds 39 claims (30 events, 3 records, 6 scalars) whose value or source has not been checked; no default endpoint serves them.
Cite as
Wentao Jiang, lithium-niobate.com: lithium niobate (LiNbO3) physics, data and history, version 0.1.0 (2026-10-25), https://lithium-niobate.com. Data CC BY 4.0.

Endpoints

example responses trimmed: arrays to 2 items, long strings cut

Catalog and metadata

GET/api/v1/datapackage.jsonapplication/json

Frictionless Data Package v2 descriptor

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/datapackage.json
/api/v1/datapackage.json9.9 kB, 422 lines
{
 "$schema": "https://datapackage.org/profiles/2.0/datapackage.json",
 "contributors": [
  {
   "roles": [
    "creator"
   ],
   "title": "Wentao Jiang"
  }
 ],
 "description": "Provenance-tagged LiNbO3 property values (one source per record), dispersion grids and provisional device r...",
 "homepage": "https://lithium-niobate.com",
 "licenses": [
  {
   "name": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "path": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
   "title": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"
  }
 ],
 "name": "lithium-niobate-properties",
 "resources": [
  {
   "description": "Scalar property records, one row per value (long format; unit per row).",
   "format": "csv",
   "mediatype": "text/csv",
   "name": "properties",
   "path": "properties.csv",
   "schema": {
    "fields": [
     {
      "name": "id",
      "type": "string"
     },
     {
      "name": "property",
      "type": "string"
     },
     "... 21 more"
    ],
    "primaryKey": [
...
GET/api/v1/index.jsonapplication/json

Catalog: properties, tensors, dispersion models, variants, counts, endpoints, license

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/index.json
/api/v1/index.json28 kB, 1037 lines
{
 "code_license": {
  "id": "GPL-3.0",
  "url": "https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html"
 },
 "counts": {
  "dispersion_models": 7,
  "glossary_terms": 344,
  "history_events": 159,
  "industry_events": 32,
  "publications": 29,
  "records": 131,
  "scalar_records_public": 143,
  "sources": 280,
  "status": {
   "C": 31,
   "P": 22,
   "P(abs)": 11,
   "P-comp": 73,
   "P-db": 17,
   "S": 16
  },
  "tensor_records_public": 49,
  "unverified": 39
 },
 "default_variant": "cln",
 "description": "Static, path-parameterized JSON/CSV API for lithium niobate (LiNbO3): provenance-tagged property values, 3m...",
 "dispersion": [
  {
   "axis": "e",
   "default": true,
   "grid": "/api/v1/grids/index/gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e/T24.5C.csv",
   "grid_rows": 3501,
   "id": "gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e",
   "name": "Gayer 2008, 1 mol% MgO:stoichiometric LiNbO3, extraordinary"
  },
  {
   "axis": "e",
   "default": false,
   "grid": "/api/v1/grids/index/gayer2008-mgo5-e/T24.5C.csv",
...
GET/api/v1/schema/{type}.schema.jsonapplication/schema+json

JSON Schema 2020-12 for a payload type

type: 10 values (common, dispersion, event, glossary, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/schema/scalar.schema.json
{
 "$id": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/schema/scalar.schema.json",
 "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
 "additionalProperties": false,
 "anyOf": [
  {
   "required": [
    "value"
   ]
  },
  {
   "required": [
    "min",
    "max"
   ]
  },
  "... 1 more"
 ],
 "description": "One value of one property for one variant from one source, with conditions and provenance. The id is proper...",
 "properties": {
  "category": {
   "enum": [
    "structure",
    "ferroelectric",
    "... 6 more"
   ]
  },
  "conditions": {
   "$ref": "common.schema.json#/$defs/conditions"
  },
  "default": {
   "description": "Recommended record for this property and variant.",
   "type": "boolean"
  },
  "frame": {
   "$ref": "common.schema.json#/$defs/frame"
  },
  "id": {
   "pattern": "^[a-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9.-]*/[a-z0-9.-]+/[a-z0-9.-]+$",
   "type": "string"
...
GET/api/v1/sources.jsonapplication/json

All sources

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/sources.json
/api/v1/sources.json188 kB, 7263 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 280,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
 },
 "sources": [
  {
   "access": {
    "oa_status": "closed"
   },
   "author": [
    {
     "family": "Abrahams",
     "given": "S.C."
    },
    {
     "family": "Reddy",
     "given": "J.M."
    },
    "... 1 more"
   ],
   "container_title": "Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids",
   "doi": "10.1016/0022-3697(66)90072-2",
   "id": "abrahams1966",
   "issued": "1966-06"
  },
  {
   "accessed": "2026-10-25",
   "author": [
    {
     "literal": "S.C. Abrahams"
    },
...
GET/api/v1/sources/{source_id}.jsonapplication/json

One source with formatted citation

source_id: 280 values (abrahams1966, abrahams1966b, abrahams1966c, abrahams1986, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/sources/kushibiki1999.json
{
 "citation": "J. Kushibiki, I. Takanaga, M. Arakawa, et al., \"Accurate measurements of the acoustical physical constants ...",
 "link": "https://doi.org/10.1109/58.796136",
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
 },
 "source": {
  "access": {
   "note": "Tohoku University repository copy.",
   "oa_status": "green"
  },
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kushibiki",
    "given": "J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Takanaga",
    "given": "I."
   },
   "... 2 more"
  ],
  "container_title": "IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control",
  "doi": "10.1109/58.796136",
  "id": "kushibiki1999",
  "issued": "1999",
  "page": "1315",
  "read": "full text, re-checked",
  "title": "Accurate measurements of the acoustical physical constants of LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 single crystals",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "volume": "46"
 }
...
GET/api/v1/variants.jsonapplication/json

Material variants

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/variants.json
/api/v1/variants.json2.6 kB, 78 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 7,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
 },
 "variants": [
  {
   "Li2O_mol_pct": "about 48.4-48.5 (48.38 in cti1999; 48.45 in volk2008)",
   "default": true,
   "description": "Congruently melting composition, the standard commercial crystal.",
   "dopant": null,
   "id": "cln",
   "material": "LiNbO3"
  },
  {
   "Li2O_mol_pct": null,
   "description": "Lithium tantalate, the 3m sibling crystal of LiNbO3; commercial SAW-grade crystal as measured in kushibiki1...",
   "dopant": null,
   "id": "lt-saw",
   "material": "LiTaO3",
   "name": "LiTaO3, SAW-grade (comparison material)"
  },
  "... 5 more"
 ]
}

Scalar properties

GET/api/v1/properties.csvtext/csv

All public scalar records as CSV

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties.csv
/api/v1/properties.csv30 kB, 145 lines
id,property,name,symbol,variant,value,min,max,value_text,uncertainty,unit_ucum,unit_display,temperature_C,temperature_text,wavelength_nm,...
absorption-coefficient/cln/leidinger2015,absorption-coefficient,Absorption coefficient in the transparent range,alpha,cln,,0.0001,2,,,/cm...
birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-1064nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,cln,-0.0766,,,,,1,-,21,,1064.0,,,C,zelmon1997,10.1364...
birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-1550nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,cln,-0.0736,,,,,1,-,21,,1550.0,,,C,zelmon1997,10.1364...
birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-632.8nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,cln,-0.0842,,,,,1,-,21,,632.8,,,C,zelmon1997,10.1364...
birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-1064nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,mgo5-cln,-0.0815,,,,,1,-,21,,1064.0,,,C,zelmon19...
birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-1550nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,mgo5-cln,-0.0782,,,,,1,-,21,,1550.0,,,C,zelmon19...
birefringence/mgo5-cln/zelmon1997-632.8nm,birefringence,Birefringence n_e - n_o,n_e - n_o,mgo5-cln,-0.0897,,,,,1,-,21,,632.8,,,C,zelmon19...
bulk-velocity-longitudinal-x/cln/kushibiki1999,bulk-velocity-longitudinal-x,Bulk longitudinal velocity along X,"v_L,X",cln,6544.53,,,,0.3...
bulk-velocity-longitudinal-y/cln/kushibiki1999,bulk-velocity-longitudinal-y,Bulk longitudinal velocity along Y,"v_L,Y",cln,6806.55,,,,0.2...
GET/api/v1/properties.jsonapplication/json

All public scalar records

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties.json
/api/v1/properties.json105 kB, 3739 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 143,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "Public scalar records (status U excluded; see unverified.json)."
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "category": "optical",
   "conditions": {
    "method": "o and e polarization, 390-3800 nm"
   },
   "default": true,
   "id": "absorption-coefficient/cln/leidinger2015",
   "kind": "scalar",
   "max": 2
  },
  {
   "category": "optical",
   "conditions": {
    "temperature_C": 21,
    "wavelength_nm": 1064
   },
   "default": true,
   "id": "birefringence/cln/zelmon1997-1064nm",
   "kind": "scalar",
   "name": "Birefringence n_e - n_o"
  },
  "... 141 more"
 ]
}
GET/api/v1/properties/{property}.jsonapplication/json

All public records for one property, with schema.org Dataset JSON-LD

property: 54 values (absorption-coefficient, birefringence, bulk-velocity-longitudinal-x, bulk-velocity-longitudinal-y, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/refractive-index-e.json
{
 "jsonld": {
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "about": {
   "@type": "ChemicalSubstance",
   "chemicalComposition": "LiNbO3",
   "name": "lithium niobate"
  },
  "citation": [
   "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70766-0",
   "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00614817",
   "... 1 more"
  ],
  "creator": {
   "@type": "Person",
   "name": "Wentao Jiang"
  },
  "description": "Extraordinary refractive index of lithium niobate (LiNbO3): 11 provenance-tagged value(s) from 4 source(s) ...",
  "distribution": [
   {
    "@type": "DataDownload",
    "contentUrl": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/refractive-index-e.json",
    "encodingFormat": "application/json"
   },
   {
    "@type": "DataDownload",
    "contentUrl": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties.csv",
    "encodingFormat": "text/csv"
   }
  ],
  "identifier": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/refractive-index-e.json",
  "isAccessibleForFree": true,
  "keywords": [
   "lithium niobate",
   "LiNbO3",
   "... 1 more"
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "name": "LiNbO3 Extraordinary refractive index",
...
GET/api/v1/properties/{property}/{variant}.jsonapplication/json

Recommended record(s), alternatives and spread for one property and variant

property: 54 values (absorption-coefficient, birefringence, bulk-velocity-longitudinal-x, bulk-velocity-longitudinal-y, ...); variant: see the catalog

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/properties/refractive-index-e/cln.json
{
 "alternatives": [
  {
   "category": "optical",
   "conditions": {
    "wavelength_nm": 632.8
   },
   "id": "refractive-index-e/cln/cti1999-632.8nm",
   "kind": "scalar",
   "name": "Extraordinary refractive index",
   "property": "refractive-index-e"
  },
  {
   "category": "optical",
   "conditions": {
    "temperature_C": 24.5,
    "wavelength_nm": 1060
   },
   "id": "refractive-index-e/cln/weis1985-1060nm",
   "kind": "scalar",
   "name": "Extraordinary refractive index",
   "property": "refractive-index-e"
  },
  "... 1 more"
 ],
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "property": "refractive-index-e",
  "variant": "cln"
 },
 "recommended": [
  {
...

Tensors

GET/api/v1/tensors.csvtext/csv

Independent tensor components as CSV

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors.csv
/api/v1/tensors.csv23 kB, 206 lines
record_id,tensor,variant,component,value,uncertainty,unit_ucum,status,source_id,via,frame_convention,default
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s11,5.85352,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s12,-1.18173,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s13,-1.35637,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s14,-0.920402,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s33,5.05782,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/cln/kushibiki1999,elastic-compliance-sE,cln,s44,16.9493,,10*-12.m2/N,C,kushibiki1999,,unstated,true
elastic-compliance-sE/unspecified/weis1985-smithwelsh1971,elastic-compliance-sE,unspecified,s11,5.831,,10*-12.m2/N,P-comp,weis1985,,IRE-1...
elastic-compliance-sE/unspecified/weis1985-smithwelsh1971,elastic-compliance-sE,unspecified,s12,-1.15,,10*-12.m2/N,P-comp,weis1985,,IRE-1...
elastic-compliance-sE/unspecified/weis1985-smithwelsh1971,elastic-compliance-sE,unspecified,s13,-1.452,,10*-12.m2/N,P-comp,weis1985,,IRE-...
GET/api/v1/tensors.jsonapplication/json

All public tensor records

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors.json
/api/v1/tensors.json199 kB, 10410 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 49,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "Public tensor records (status U excluded)."
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "conditions": {
    "electrical_boundary": "E"
   },
   "default": true,
   "frame": {
    "convention": "unstated",
    "handedness": "right",
    "setting": "crystal-physics",
    "x": "a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane",
    "y": "in a mirror plane",
    "z": "polar c axis"
   },
   "full": [
    [
     [
      [
       5.85352,
       0,
       "... 1 more"
      ],
      [
       0,
       -1.18173,
       "... 1 more"
...
GET/api/v1/tensors/{tensor}.jsonapplication/json

All records of one tensor across variants, with per-component spread

tensor: 10 values (elastic-compliance-sE, elastic-stiffness-cE, eo-rS, eo-rT, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors/elastic-stiffness-cE.json
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "All public records of this tensor across variants; spread is per component over all records (compare varian...",
  "tensor": "elastic-stiffness-cE"
 },
 "records": [
  "elastic-stiffness-cE/cln/kushibiki1999",
  "elastic-stiffness-cE/unspecified/andrushchak2009",
  "... 5 more"
 ],
 "spread": {
  "c11": {
   "max": 203,
   "min": 198.4,
   "n_records": 7
  },
  "c12": {
   "max": 57.3,
   "min": 53,
   "n_records": 7
  },
  "c13": {
   "max": 75.2,
   "min": 60,
   "n_records": 7
  },
  "c14": {
   "max": 9,
   "min": 7.83,
   "n_records": 7
  },
...
GET/api/v1/tensors/{tensor}/{variant}.jsonapplication/json

Recommended tensor, alternatives and per-component spread

tensor: 10 values (elastic-compliance-sE, elastic-stiffness-cE, eo-rS, eo-rT, ...); variant: see the catalog

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors/elastic-stiffness-cE/cln.json
{
 "alternatives": [],
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "tensor": "elastic-stiffness-cE",
  "variant": "cln"
 },
 "recommended": {
  "conditions": {
   "electrical_boundary": "E"
  },
  "consistency": [
   {
    "check": "piezo-stiffened longitudinal velocity along Z, sqrt((c33 + e33^2/eps33^S)/rho), kushibiki1999 constants and...",
    "result": "7328.6 m/s (unstiffened 7102.1 m/s); measured 7328.20 m/s (kushibiki1999 Table II)",
    "status": "C"
   }
  ],
  "default": true,
  "frame": {
   "convention": "unstated",
   "handedness": "right",
   "setting": "crystal-physics",
   "x": "a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane",
   "y": "in a mirror plane",
   "z": "polar c axis"
  },
  "full": [
   [
    [
     [
      198.86,
...
GET/api/v1/tensors/{tensor}/{variant}/{source_id}.jsonapplication/json

One tensor record with Voigt, full tensor, frame and symmetry form

tensor: 10 values (elastic-compliance-sE, elastic-stiffness-cE, eo-rS, eo-rT, ...); variant: see the catalog; source_id: see the catalog

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/tensors/elastic-stiffness-cE/cln/kushibiki1999.json
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "tensor": "elastic-stiffness-cE",
  "variant": "cln"
 },
 "record": {
  "conditions": {
   "electrical_boundary": "E"
  },
  "consistency": [
   {
    "check": "piezo-stiffened longitudinal velocity along Z, sqrt((c33 + e33^2/eps33^S)/rho), kushibiki1999 constants and...",
    "result": "7328.6 m/s (unstiffened 7102.1 m/s); measured 7328.20 m/s (kushibiki1999 Table II)",
    "status": "C"
   }
  ],
  "default": true,
  "frame": {
   "convention": "unstated",
   "handedness": "right",
   "setting": "crystal-physics",
   "x": "a axis, perpendicular to a mirror plane",
   "y": "in a mirror plane",
   "z": "polar c axis"
  },
  "full": [
   [
    [
     [
      198.86,
      0,
...

Dispersion

GET/api/v1/dispersion.jsonapplication/json

Dispersion model list

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/dispersion.json
/api/v1/dispersion.json3.9 kB, 136 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 7,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
 },
 "models": [
  {
   "axis": "e",
   "default": true,
   "grid": "/api/v1/grids/index/gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e/T24.5C.csv",
   "grid_rows": 3501,
   "id": "gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e",
   "name": "Gayer 2008, 1 mol% MgO:stoichiometric LiNbO3, extraordinary"
  },
  {
   "axis": "e",
   "default": false,
   "grid": "/api/v1/grids/index/gayer2008-mgo5-e/T24.5C.csv",
   "grid_rows": 3501,
   "id": "gayer2008-mgo5-e",
   "name": "Gayer 2008, 5 mol% MgO:congruent LiNbO3, extraordinary"
  },
  "... 5 more"
 ]
}
GET/api/v1/dispersion/{model_id}.jsonapplication/json

Dispersion model: formula, coefficients, validity, errata, check values

model_id: 7 values (gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e, gayer2008-mgo5-e, gayer2008-mgo5-o, zelmon1997-cln-e, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/dispersion/zelmon1997-cln-e.json
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "model": "zelmon1997-cln-e"
 },
 "model": {
  "axis": "e",
  "check_values": [
   {
    "T_C": 21,
    "lambda_nm": 632.8,
    "n": 2.2022,
    "source": "computed from these coefficients",
    "tolerance": 0.00006
   },
   {
    "T_C": 21,
    "lambda_nm": 1064,
    "n": 2.1555,
    "source": "computed",
    "tolerance": 0.00006
   },
   "... 3 more"
  ],
  "coefficient_units": {
   "B1": "1",
   "B2": "1",
   "B3": "1",
   "C1": "um2",
   "C2": "um2",
   "C3": "um2"
  },
...
GET/api/v1/dispersion/{model_id}.rii.ymlapplication/yaml

refractiveindex.info-compatible YAML export

model_id: 7 values (gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e, gayer2008-mgo5-e, gayer2008-mgo5-o, zelmon1997-cln-e, ...)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/dispersion/zelmon1997-cln-e.rii.yml
# refractiveindex.info-compatible export generated by lithium-niobate.com (data: CC BY 4.0)
REFERENCES: |
    David E. Zelmon, David L. Small, Dieter Jundt, "Infrared corrected Sellmeier coefficients for congruently grown lithium niobate and 5...
COMMENTS: |
    Zelmon 1997, congruent LiNbO3, extraordinary. Axis e. Reference temperature 21 C. Status P-db.
CONDITIONS:
    temperature: 294.15
    direction: e
DATA:
  - type: formula 2
GET/api/v1/grids/index/{model_id}/{temperature}.csvtext/csv

n(lambda) at 1 nm steps over the validity range, at the model reference temperature (file name T{T_C}C.csv)

model_id: 7 values (gayer2008-mgo1-sln-e, gayer2008-mgo5-e, gayer2008-mgo5-o, zelmon1997-cln-e, ...); temperature: 2 values (T21C, T24.5C)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/grids/index/zelmon1997-cln-e/T21C.csv
lambda_nm,n
400,2.332120
401,2.330803
402,2.329502
403,2.328215
404,2.326944
405,2.325686
406,2.324443
407,2.323214
408,2.321999

Events, records, glossary

GET/api/v1/events/history.jsonapplication/json

History events (status V/P/S)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/events/history.json
/api/v1/events/history.json162 kB, 4462 lines
{
 "events": [
  {
   "chapter": 1,
   "citations": [
    {
     "doi": "10.1098/rstl.1802.0005",
     "text": "C. Hatchett, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 92, 49-66 (1802)",
     "url": "https://archive.org/details/s3id13528400"
    }
   ],
   "date": "1801-11-26",
   "date_precision": "day",
   "era": "A crystal on paper",
   "hook": "A London chemist finds an unknown metal in an American mineral and calls it columbium."
  },
  {
   "chapter": 1,
   "citations": [
    {
     "text": "Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar 1802, p. 68 (as cited by Wollaston 1809 and Rose 1844)"
    }
   ],
   "date": "1802",
   "date_precision": "year",
   "era": "A crystal on paper",
   "hook": "Tantalus could never drink; Ekeberg's new oxide could not take up acid, so he named it tantalum."
  },
  "... 157 more"
 ],
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 159,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
...
GET/api/v1/events/industry.jsonapplication/json

Industry events with evidence grades

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/events/industry.json
{
 "events": [
  {
   "access_date": "2026-10-24",
   "citations": [
    {
     "accessed": "2026-10-24",
     "text": "eeNews Europe, 2020-07-07",
     "url": "https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/qualcomm-adopts-soitec-poi-wafers-for-saw-filters/"
    }
   ],
   "date": "2020-07-07",
   "date_precision": "day",
   "grade": "T",
   "id": "2020-07-07-soitec-qualcomm-poi"
  },
  {
   "access_date": "2026-10-25",
   "citations": [
    {
     "accessed": "2026-10-25",
     "text": "Fujitsu Optical Components press release, 2021-03-31 (archived copy, read in full)",
     "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230812112018/https://www.fujitsu.com/jp/group/foc/en/subsidiary-gig5-sample/a..."
    },
    {
     "accessed": "2026-10-24",
     "text": "Fujitsu Optical Components product and press index (now redirects; snippet)",
     "url": "https://www.fujitsu.com/jp/group/foc/en/products/devices/cdm/indexgig5.html"
    }
   ],
   "date": "2021-03-31",
   "date_note": "Release dated 2021-03-31; the milestone was reached at the end of 2021-02.",
   "date_precision": "day",
   "grade": "F"
  },
  "... 30 more"
 ],
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
...
GET/api/v1/glossary.jsonapplication/json

Glossary terms

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/glossary.json
/api/v1/glossary.json258 kB, 7342 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 344,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "Canonical terms (data/glossary.yaml, origin canonical) merged with the chapter glossaries (content/chapters..."
 },
 "terms": [
  {
   "aliases": [
    "+c face",
    "z+ face",
    "... 2 more"
   ],
   "category": "crystal",
   "chapters": [
    "01-crystal",
    "04-quirks"
   ],
   "id": "plus-z-face",
   "long": "IRE 1949 (as used in Weis & Gaylord 1985), IRE 1958 (as cited in Volk & Wöhlecke 2009) and IEEE Std 176-198...",
   "origin": "canonical"
  },
  {
   "chapters": [
    "08-industry"
   ],
   "id": "1-6t-3-2t",
   "long": "Pluggable optical modules with 1.6 or 3.2 Tb/s aggregate rate, e.g. 8 lanes of 200 or 400 Gb/s (DR8 = 8 par...",
   "origin": "chapter",
   "short": "Pluggable optical modules with 1.6 or 3.2 Tb/s aggregate rate, e.g. 8 lanes of 200 or 400 Gb/s (DR8 = 8 par...",
   "sources": []
  },
...
GET/api/v1/publications.jsonapplication/json

LN-relevant publications of the author

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/publications.json
/api/v1/publications.json36 kB, 1019 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 29,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "LN-relevant items from the public record of Wentao Jiang."
 },
 "publications": [
  {
   "access": {
    "oa_status": "unknown"
   },
   "author_position": "4/7",
   "authors": [
    "Patricio Arrangoiz-Arriola",
    "E. Alex Wollack",
    "... 5 more"
   ],
   "container_title": "CLEO 2019",
   "doi": "10.1364/CLEO_AT.2019.JW4A.4",
   "first_author": false
  },
  {
   "access": {
    "oa_status": "unknown"
   },
   "author_position": "1/8",
   "authors": [
    "W. Jiang"
   ],
   "container_title": "APS March Meeting 2019",
   "first_author": true,
   "id": "jiang2019-aps-march-ln-optomechanical-crystal"
...
GET/api/v1/records.csvtext/csv

Device-performance records as CSV

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/records.csv
/api/v1/records.csv47 kB, 312 lines
id,category,metric,platform,quantity,value,unit_ucum,qualifier,date,first_author,venue,doi,arxiv,url,verification,highest_found
acousto-optics-arrangoizarriola2019,acousto-optics,Phonon-number resolution (LN + qubit),LN + qubit,number splitting / qubit linewidth,5,...
acousto-optics-jiang2019,acousto-optics,LN optomechanical crystal,LN,g0/2pi,120,kHz,~,2019,Jiang W.,"Optica 6, 845",10.1364/OPTICA.6.0008...
acousto-optics-plessky2019,acousto-optics,"XBAR (laterally excited bulk acoustic resonator), first",ZY-LN (400 nm film),resonance frequen...
acousto-optics-plessky2019,acousto-optics,"XBAR (laterally excited bulk acoustic resonator), first",ZY-LN (400 nm film),film thickness,40...
acousto-optics-plessky2019,acousto-optics,"XBAR (laterally excited bulk acoustic resonator), first",ZY-LN (400 nm film),coupling,25,%,~,2...
acousto-optics-plessky2019,acousto-optics,"XBAR (laterally excited bulk acoustic resonator), first",ZY-LN (400 nm film),Q,300,1,~,2019,Pl...
acousto-optics-sarabalis2020,acousto-optics,"AO modulator, LN on sapphire",LN on sapphire,,,,,2020,Sarabalis C.J.,APL Photonics,10.1063/5...
acousto-optics-sarabalis2021,acousto-optics,"AO, wavelength-scale waveguide",TFLN,,,,,2021,Sarabalis C.J.,Optica,10.1364/OPTICA.413401,,,...
acousto-optics-wan2022,acousto-optics,"AO modulator VpiL, lowest found",TFLN + chalcogenide,VpiL,0.03,V.cm,=,2022,Wan L.,Light Sci. Appl....
GET/api/v1/records.jsonapplication/json

Provisional device-performance records

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/records.json
/api/v1/records.json111 kB, 4171 lines
{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "as_of": "2026-10-24",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "count": 131,
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
   "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
   "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
   "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "note": "Provisional: 'highest found' means highest found in the cited research pass, not an absolute record. Defini..."
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "as_of": "2026-10-24",
   "category": "acousto-optics",
   "date": "2019",
   "date_precision": "year",
   "doi": "10.1038/s41586-019-1386-x",
   "first_author": "Arrangoiz-Arriola P."
  },
  {
   "as_of": "2026-10-24",
   "category": "acousto-optics",
   "date": "2019",
   "date_precision": "year",
   "doi": "10.1364/OPTICA.6.000845",
   "first_author": "Jiang W."
  },
  "... 129 more"
 ]
}

Agents

GET/llms-full.txttext/plain

Concatenated markdown of property data

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/llms-full.txt
/llms-full.txt99 kB, 769 lines
# lithium-niobate.com: LiNbO3 property data (full text)

> Recommended values with conditions, status and source for every property, followed by tensors, dispersion models and the glossary. Data...

Status codes: P: primary source read at the locator. P(abs): only the abstract read. P-comp: read in a compilation that names the origina...

## Scalar properties

### Absorption coefficient in the transparent range (absorption-coefficient)
GET/llms.txttext/plain

Agent index (llmstxt.org)

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/llms.txt
/llms.txt2.9 kB, 34 lines
# lithium-niobate.com

> Lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN): crystal, light, sound, quirks, fabrication, devices, history and industry. Machine-readable, provenance-t...

The API is static and path-parameterized (no query strings). Defaults: congruent LN (CLN); kushibiki1999 for elastic, piezoelectric, diel...

## API

- [Catalog](https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/index.json): properties, tensors, dispersion models, variants, counts, endpoint templates
- [OpenAPI 3.1](https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json): every GET path

Unverified

GET/api/v1/unverified.jsonapplication/json

Unverified rows, excluded from all default endpoints

curl -s https://lithium-niobate.com/api/v1/unverified.json
/api/v1/unverified.json34 kB, 1042 lines
{
 "dispersion": [],
 "events": [
  {
   "chapter": 2,
   "citations": [
    {
     "text": "Lead: Original paper; Polish Academy history pages"
    }
   ],
   "date": "1916",
   "date_alt": [
    {
     "date": "1918",
     "note": "Claimed publication, Z. Phys. Chem. 92, 219"
    }
   ],
   "date_precision": "year",
   "id": "1916-czochralski-method-unverified"
  },
  {
   "chapter": 5,
   "citations": [
    {
     "text": "Lead: APL 22, 540"
    }
   ],
   "date": "1973",
   "date_precision": "year",
   "id": "1973-kaminow-thin-film-method-unverified",
   "kind": "history"
  },
  "... 28 more"
 ],
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "v1",
  "attribution": "lithium-niobate.com data compiled by Wentao Jiang; cite the original sources listed per value.",
  "data_version": "0.1.0",
  "documentation": "https://lithium-niobate.com/api/openapi.json",
  "license": {
...